What You Need To Find Out In Becoming A Mother Surrogate

By Rachel Lee Reynolds

Looking back, we can say how much we are blessed by high technology offering advantages in the way we live and deal with each other. Aside from making work far easier, technology also changes the way we see the world. It compels us to find other methods of executing processes such as the reproduction of the human race. The process of child bearing has developed another method called surrogacy. Take a moment to read on and find out what it is all about.

Simply put, a mother surrogate is a woman who gives birth to a child whose intended parents are not the surrogate. Infertility is the usual reason why there are couples who choose to hire a mother surrogate. However, aside from heterosexual infertile couples, surrogacy is usually resorted to by independent single women who want to have their own children and couples who are of the same sex. Rich infertile persons who are able to financially support a mother surrogate during pregnancy may take this path and is called commercial surrogacy.

There are two general kinds of surrogacy. The first one is traditional because the mother surrogate is the biological mother of the child. The other is called gestational surrogacy as the mother surrogate's womb serves as a host of the embryo being implanted until it becomes a fully developed fetus. In traditional surrogacy, the sperm needed to make fertilization happen can be taken from the male parent who requests a child or can be from a donor. In the gestational surrogacy, the mother surrogate cannot be called the child's biological mother since she is only a host of the developing embryo.

The controversies surrounding surrogacy have been sparked by its legality and the legitimacy of the child. Since it has become a popular practice in various parts of the world, many countries and US states have legislated laws which allow for the legality of surrogacy, settle the legitimacy of the child and the intended parents. In some states, pre-birth orders are issued in order to decide who should be the intended or legitimate parents of the child. This is a provisional order to avoid any legal lawsuits that might arise.

Much more controversy regarding surrogacy is fueled by the feminists who think surrogacy is no different from prostitution. They believe that it makes mother surrogates "commodities" in a patriarchal society and thereby disrespecting the bodies of women as well the children. No matter how strong the argument is, many people do not seem to buy it because they believe children, even those who are not biological, play a crucial part in the formation of the basic unit of society which is the family. There are also scientific studies made by social scientists who observe that children born through surrogacy do not form emotional closeness with their surrogates but rather tend to be attached to their intended parents. This observation is a refutation of the expectation that children are more attached to the women who gave birth to them.

Whether morally good or bad, the source of the controversy is the fact that surrogacy is a non-traditional method of child bearing. Despite the different views regarding surrogacy, the most important thing is that the children born out of mother surrogates are given all the rights, respect and love which they rightfully deserve to have in order to live harmoniously in the world. - 29962

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Tests For Infertility - Go With Ultrasound First

By Katrina Glasse

Signs of infertility are really straightforward: Either a couple conceives or they don't - and if they don't for over a year - this is a sign of infertility.

Several reasons for women's diminished fertility with advancing age include a reduced health of their eggs and a reduced ability of their ovaries to release them. There's also an increased risk of fertility-reducing health issues and miscarriage risks with age.

Of course, the years of highest fertility are in a woman's twenties, followed by increasing difficulties conceiving in her mid-thirties. By her late thirties her ovaries aren't making eggs like they used to and miscarriage risks become significant. Infertility is a common problem for women who drink or smoke very much. Today, age-related infertility is the number one reason for difficulty in conceiving for women as more women are choosing to put off having their first child until they are at least thirty-five.

When women fail to conceive after a whole year of intercourse, they are considered to fall in the Primary Infertility category. If they have conceived once before but have gone a year without conceiving (while trying the whole year), they are considered to be in the Secondary Infertility category.

Infertility runs at a fifty-fifty ratio between males and females, according to some experts. Others say that females have sixty percent of infertility issues. Statistically, ten percent of couples who are trying to conceive will have trouble, and four out of five will succeed within one year. A normal amount of time to conceive is up to two years.

Often, couples must each submit to thorough physical examinations to determine their fertility factors. There is a general misunderstanding by many couples that it's only the female who could possibly have the fertility issue. Males, however, account for a large percentage, which is why it's important that they get a medical exam as well.

The first tests normally done by a fertility specialist are for a woman's levels of FSH and her LH. (These abbreviations stand for Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone.) These tests are usually done on a woman's first and her third visits to her doctor. It should be noted that the tests for these two hormones - Luteinzing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone - can be done on the male partner, as well. LH and FSH are both important for male fertility too.

Some of the other tests routinely done (female) include ultrasound tests, a cervical mucus test, and additional hormone testing. A post-intercourse test that's not done as much today, the cervical mucus test looks for active sperm from a sampling of the vaginal mucus. Two to eight hours following intercourse, the female is examined by the fertility specialist. Sometimes a bacterial test is done at the same time.

A pelvic ultrasound test will take from 20 to 30 minutes, and is a great way for a doctor to assess the overall condition of the female's uterus and ovaries, and the follicle development on the ovaries. It is also used to see if an egg has been released from an ovary.

There are many other tests for reproductive-related hormones available to the reproductive endocrinologist: They include tests for total testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, free T3, free testosterone, androstenedione, and DHEAS.

Treating infertility is a subject for an entire series of articles, but in a nutshell, infertility treatments run the gamut from simple drugs to surgery. Infertility treatments can get very expensive and time-consuming - and rarely covered by insurance, so it boils down to how bad a couple wants to conceive. Certain treatable infertility problems include Polycystic Ovary Syndrome or PCOS, which is treated with the drugs clomiphene and metformin together.

Another drug treatment for infertility (for the female again) is clomiphene for ovulation problems - inability to ovulate. Hormone shots are the next thing that a woman can try, although these can have unpleasant side effects such as bloating and feeling sick. But one of the most significant side effects of hormone therapy is having triplets or more babies.

There are other infertility treatments, but one of the most intense and expensive is IVF, or in vitro fertilization. If you decide to go this route, you should know that acupuncture (by professionals trained specifically in acupuncture fertility therapy) has proven to increase the success rate of IVF pregnancies. Be aware, however, that IVF also increases the chance of multiple births: 1 in 3 IVF couples will be parents of twins. - 29962

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4 Easy Steps To Become A Surrogate

By Rachel Lee Reynolds

Children are the dream of any couple to complete their family. This dream may be hard to fulfill if the couples suffer from infertility. The couple can be truly anxious about it at first until they are able to accept it. They could find hope in a nurturing and kind soul who would like to become a surrogate. Since it can be a daunting task to become a surrogate mother or couple as well, proper steps should be taken to have a successful surrogacy procedure. Here they are:

Screening the Application

To become a surrogate, the individual who wants to become a surrogate mother or couple would have to apply to a surrogacy agency. A representative from the surrogacy agency would contact the applicant once the application is received. A permanent counselor will be assigned and will provide guidance during the whole process after the applicant has asked their questions. The applicant will be screened thoroughly at the first meeting with the agency. The applicant will possibly undergo other processes such as receiving an invitation to attend a group support meeting that may be available and a background check. There will be a meeting with a representative of the agency to ensure that pregnancy medical expenses will be covered by the applicant's insurance policy. The applicant will have a medical screening by a fertility specialist whose expertise is working with surrogate mothers once the applicant passes the screening.

Match-Making Process

The agency will present profiles of prospective couples to the would-be surrogate, previously matched based on the information gathered during the application screening. The would-be surrogate has the opportunity to choose the couple to work with. The would-be surrogate's profile will be sent to the prospective couple and an initial meeting with a counselor will be set once both parties agree. After both parties have decided to work together, an agency attorney will be assigned to draft a contract and send it out to be signed. Once both parties sign the contract, the couple will be required to deposit the surrogacy fee and other possible expenses held in trust by the agency.

Medical Care

The procedures will be explained to you by a fertility specialist associated with the agency, whether artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization. Any further questions will be answered about the process. You will be monitored throughout the medical process.

Periods of Pregnancy and Childbirth

You will have the freedom of informing the couple of the exciting news as soon as the pregnancy is confirmed. You should choose an obstetrician that is approved by your medical insurance or continue working with an obstetrician you already have an existing working relationship with during the pregnancy. You may start doing doctor's visits at least eight (8) weeks during your pregnancy. It may be suggested by the agency that you keep in touch with the couple at least once every two (2) weeks since most couples would want to take part during the pregnancy.

The couple will be completely responsible for the caring of the child as soon as the baby is born. While in the hospital, both surrogate mother and couple who may have established a bond would take turns with the baby. It could become emotional for the surrogate mother because she would have to part ways with the couple and the baby once the child is released from the hospital. The joy she has given to the new parents of the baby she selflessly carried is beyond compare. Inspiration, support and lasting friendships may be established with other surrogate mothers once the amazing story on how to become a surrogate is shared in the group support meeting. - 29962

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Signs of Infertility And How To Deal With It

By Cindi Finnegan

Both males and females have decreased fertility as they get older, but one of the signs of infertility is not getting pregnant after a full year of a couple trying.

And two reasons that aging reduces a woman's fertility are diminished health of her eggs and a reduced ability of the ovaries to release them. They also have a higher risk for miscarriage and other health problems that affect their fertility.

A woman's highest fertility is in her 20's, with her 30's being a time when she is still relatively fertile. She will start having difficulty conceiving as she gets into her mid to upper 30's. Miscarriage risks start to come into play in her late 30's. Fertility decreases appreciably in smokers and drinkers. With more women choosing careers today that put off child-rearing, aging has become the primary reason for infertility.

When women fail to conceive after a whole year of intercourse, they are considered to fall in the Primary Infertility category. If they have conceived once before but have gone a year without conceiving (while trying the whole year), they are considered to be in the Secondary Infertility category.

Infertility issues plague both men and women equally, according to some experts, while others say women comprise sixty percent. Statistics show that ten percent of actively trying couples have trouble conceiving, with four of five conceiving within a year. A "normal" amount of time to conceive is considered to be up to two years.

Complete physical exams are necessary for many couples, in order to assess their fertility levels. Since males have a large percentage of the fertility issues (even if it is less than fifty percent), it is important that both partners be tested.

The first tests normally done by a fertility specialist are for a woman's levels of FSH and her LH. (These abbreviations stand for Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone.) These tests are usually done on a woman's first and her third visits to her doctor. It should be noted that the tests for these two hormones - Luteinzing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone - can be done on the male partner, as well. LH and FSH are both important for male fertility too.

Routine tests done later on the female include ultrasound tests, additional hormone tests, and a cervical mucus test. Not done very much nowadays, the cervical mucus test involves testing the post-coital mucus lining the vagina for healthy sperm. One reason for the test is if the male partner does not want to be tested.

Ultrasound testing can be done as part of your initial consultation with a reproductive endocrinologist. Ultrasound testing is done to get an overall picture of the health of all the female reproductive organs. Ultrasound imaging is also done to see if an egg has been released from ovulation.

Reproductive Endocrinologists can test for many other important hormones, other than just the luteinizing hormone and the follicle stimulating hormone. The primary ones are: androstenedione, DHEAS, total testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, free T3, and free testosterone.

Treating infertility is a subject for an entire series of articles, but in a nutshell, infertility treatments run the gamut from simple drugs to surgery. Infertility treatments can get very expensive and time-consuming - and rarely covered by insurance, so it boils down to how bad a couple wants to conceive. Certain treatable infertility problems include Polycystic Ovary Syndrome or PCOS, which is treated with the drugs clomiphene and metformin together.

Failure to ovulate can be treated by clomiphene, with the next level of treatment being hormone therapy. One of the more undesirable side-effects of hormone therapy is the increased likelihood of having 3 or 4 babies all at once.

In Vitro Fertilization (a.k.a. "IVF") is at the top of the most extreme measures that a couple can take in their effort to conceive. Expensive, emotionally and physically taxing, it requires daily hormone injections (can be painful), daily monitoring by a doctor, and regular blood testing. With acupuncture by fertility acupuncture specialists in combination with IVF, however, the success rate is very high indeed - one in three couples are parents. This can come with the 'cost,' however, of having to raise twins (one-third of couples who use IVF and get pregnant have twins). - 29962

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Maybe Baby? More Help with Conception

By Keith Woolley

Magazines have been writing a lot about fertility and the incontrovertible fact that more and more women are choosing to start a family in their 30's or forty's. Ladies nowadays are highly likely to have a high flying career and be considering city trips, shoe shopping and sports cars, and a lot less about Mothercare, changing diapers, and pushing buggies.

The average age for giving birth in the United Kingdom is going up about 2 months annually. The average age in 2007 was 29.3 years compared with 28.6 years in 2001. Statistics prove the average woman under thirty will get pregnant within the first 6 months and those in their early thirty's may take up to and longer than 9 months. From 35 onwards it might take one year.

Some girls are spending plenty of cash attempting to increase their possibilities of conceiving naturally, but this may be a needless cost. Lord Robert Winston, pioneer of IVF treatment, told the Daily Mail that ladies who freeze their eggs to obstruct parenthood are being given false hopes by fertility clinics. He is going on to say that this does not in any way guarantee that a women will become pregnant or go on to have a healthy baby.

So without ditching the thrilling way of life what can you do to help boost your fitness for that 'maybe baby' stage? Being healthy is way easier than you'd think. Here are some tips

For her :

Iron

Most ladies recognize iron as a very important mineral for good health. Despite this data, iron deficiency is regarded the commonest nutritive deficiency and the most affected group are ladies of child bearing age. Studies have shown that even delicate deficiencies of iron are linked to reduced fertility. It would seem that a deficiency of iron may play a part in ovulatory dysfunction. Take daily Iron supplements ( look for non-constipating form )

Essential trans acids

The force on girls to stay slim has lead to many women adopting awfully fat free diets. Sadly, this pattern of eating is related to a decline in fertility. The necessary trans acids ( found in nuts, seeds and oily fish ) have many functions across the body, including balancing the hormones concerned in fertility. Try Omega 3-6-9 capsules with a mix of prime quality fish, flax and borage oil.

Multivitamin and mineral formula

A multivitamin and mineral formula has for some time been regarded as a measure for general wellness and as health insurance. Studies now suggest that a multivitamin formula may also be beneficial for maintaining fertility in ladies. Studies in the latter 90s proved that girls who frequently took a multivitamin formula, were less sure to be infertile due to ovulatory failure than those who did not. Similarly, the more frequent and regular the supplements were taken, the better the results .

Try Solgar's Female Multivitamin & Mineral complex

Vitamin D3



Vitamin D3 ( AKA the sunshine vitamin ) could help the fertility of women afflicted with ovulation Problems. One in 5 girls suffer from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ( PCOS ) and can have a lesser chance of conception at a later age. Researchers at Yale school college of medicine ( 2008 ) concluded girls with ovulation problems or PCOS were far more likely to be low in vitamin D.

Try 1000iu D3 supplement

For him :

Your better half should be thinking along the same lines as you when it comes to living healthily. Sperm count and motility plays a particularly significant part in the act of making an attempt to become pregnant. Why do all of the hard work when your other half plays an equal part in the middle of conception? current figures ( from Norwich Union Healthcare in 2005 ) show that 2.5 million men suffer from sterility in the UK. Male infertility may account for as much as a 3rd of Problems with conception so it is important that your man takes similar steps to you to keep himself and his sperm in tip top health.

Zinc

Zinc is clearly one of the most vital nutrients needed for fertility, particularly for men. Studies show that a low zinc intake corresponds with a low sperm count and poor sperm motility.

Vitamin C

As an antioxidant, vitamin C is essential for good health. For men, this nutrient plays a particular role in augmenting fertility. Research has shown that vitamin C may help to reduce the clumping together of sperm and thus reinforces sperm motility. Additionally, vitamin C usually reinforces sperm quality and protects the DNA contained within it from damage.

Visit www.solgar.co.uk for more information on vitamin & mineral supplements

. - 29962

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How To Have A Baby Boy - Follow Some Of These tips For A Boy

By Olivia Campbell-Price

Have you been trying for awhile to have a little boy to be a baby brother in your family? You might be ready to give up thinking about how to have a baby boy and don't want to be disappointed even though you love your daughters. But don't give up just yet, even if you think your chances are zero to none.

Did you know that the father's sperm is what determines if the baby is going to be a boy or girl? Many people do not realize this and many women feel like failures for not producing a fine baby boy for their husbands. Gender is a at best a 50/50 proposition if left to its own devices, but you can actually help it along.

Male sperm is known for moving faster than the female sperm but is by and large weaker. Not only that female sperm can live much longer than the male sperm. Given these factors, it's interesting to note that there are still more boys born than there are girls. In about 100 births, boys outnumber girls 51 to 49.

Male sperm will die off before the X sperm. For this reason, if you have sexual intercourse between four to two days before ovulation, then the chances of any Y sperm surviving is considerably reduced. The X or female sperm can live longer, up to seven days in the reproductive tract, and have the ability to fertilize the egg upon ovulation.

If you are able to track your ovulation cycle, you can time intercourse to coincide with the release of an egg into the fallopian tube. There are various ways to monitor ovulation, including rising basal temperature or even better, ovulation testing kits which can detect changes in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in the urine which in turn indicates ovulation is about to occur.

The future dad can do a few things to increase the possibility of conceiving a boy. Y sperm are known to be less resilient and don't do well under hostile conditions. Some things that can help create a more friendly environment for sperm to develop are to wear loose underwear and clothes that don't trap body heat. You may need to avoid heavy activity for a while as well. Smoking and drinking can also impact sperm count, so eliminating these habits can help.

Believe it or not, what you eat or do before you get pregnant can help with the sex of the baby. Your doctor can let you know what your vaginal pH levels are and make recommendations with respect to creating Y sperm friendly conditions. How to have a baby boy is not as hard as you think it is and is possible if you're willing to follow the tips in this article. - 29962

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How To Take Advantage Of Some Infertility Solutions

By Karol Cardinson

In'78, the world's first "test-tube baby" Louise Brown, was born, thanks to the pioneering efforts of Drs. Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards. Not surprisingly, Louise's birth revolutionized reproductive medicine and offered new hope to countless infertile couples. Since her birth, tens of thousands infants have been delivered as a result of in vitro fertilization, more commonly known as IVF. IVF techniques are more sophisticated, more available, and are now considered standard fertility solutions.

Medically, ART does not represent a quantum leap from the treatment you already may be trying. But psychologically, ART does represent a major step for infertile couple; the last hope solution of producing a child who is theirs genetically.

For some couple ART is explored only after low-tech procedures have failed. Others wanting to maximize their odds of success despite the increased cost, may go directly to ART without trying any of the low-tech procedures. Nevertheless, ART may still be a couples last shot at parenthood because of its drain on their pocketbook as well as on their emotional life.

Medically ART embraces many of the low-tech procedures and regimens covered in other treatments. Humegon injections, blood monitoring, ultrasound scans, semen samples, and maybe even a laparoscopy. What's different is that eggs are physically removed from the women's body. Once removed, the eggs are mixed with sperm in a Petri dish and allowed to fertilize, either on their own or with some specialized assistance, before being transferred into the womb.

Psychologically, people who attempt these procedures must come to grips with the fact that ART is a further cry from lovemaking than is artificial insemination. At least during an insemination sperm is introduced through your vagina, albeit via a tube and syringe. With ART, eggs and sperm disappear behind closed doors, hopefully returning as embryos several days later.

Assisted reproductive technologies make use of laboratory procedures to examine eggs and sperm and enhance their likelihood of being fertilized. Although there are several variations on ART, they tend to be referred to as in vitro fertilization (IVF). In vitro means "in glass"-to refer to glass laboratory dishes in which fertilization takes place. Like tissues that are called "Kleenex" and photocopying procedures referred to as "Xeroxing", assisted reproductive techniques are often referred to as IVF.

There are approximately 350 IVF clinics operating nationwide, some freestanding, some hospital-based. Almost all of these clinics use the same techniques.
  - 29962

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